GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 10 - SHOPPING - VOCABULARY LIST

belt (n): A strip of leather or other material worn around the waist.

cardigan (n): A sweater that is open at the front, often with buttons.

chic (adj): Elegantly and stylishly fashionable.

denim (n): A type of strong cotton cloth, typically blue, used for making jeans.

flip flop (n): A light sandal with a thong between the big toe and the one next to it.

floral (adj & n): (adj) Decorated with flowers; (n) a pattern of flowers on fabric.

gear (n): Equipment or clothing worn for a particular activity.

plain (adj): Without a pattern or decoration; simple.

sleeve (n): The part of a garment that covers the arm.

sleeveless (adj): Without sleeves.

sneaker (n): A soft shoe with a rubber sole, used for sports or casual wear.

striped (adj): Marked with long, narrow bands of color.

stylish (adj): Fashionably elegant or chic.

tight (n & adj): (n) A close-fitting garment covering the legs and waist; (adj) fitting closely.

turtleneck (n): A high, close-fitting collar that is rolled over on itself.

wrap (v): To cover or enclose something by folding a material around it.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 9 - MODERN HEROES AND HEROINES - VOCABULARY LIST

achievement (n): A thing done successfully with effort, skill, or courage.

citizen (n): A legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth, either native or naturalized.

elect (v): To choose someone to hold public office or another position by voting.

fictional (adj): Based on or described in a story that is not real.

heroine (n): A woman admired for her bravery, great achievements, or noble qualities.

humour (n): The quality of being amusing or comical.

illusion (n): A deceptive appearance or impression.

incredible (adj): Impossible to believe; extraordinary.

intelligence (n): The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.

invisible (adj): Impossible to see.

proud (adj): Feeling deep pleasure or satisfaction as a result of one's own achievements or qualities.

respectful (adj): Showing politeness and deference.

speed (n): The rate at which someone or something is able to move or operate.

spread (v): To open out something so that it covers a wider area.

strength (n): The quality or state of being physically strong.

wisdom (n): The quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 8 - DIGITAL ERA - VOCABULARY LIST

apparatus (n): A complex machine or a system of equipment designed for a particular purpose.

chip (n): A tiny piece of a computer or electronic device that contains many electronic circuits.

component (n): A part of a larger whole, especially a part of a machine or vehicle.

computation (n): The action of mathematical calculation.

device (n): A thing made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a mechanical or electronic one.

drown (v): To die through submersion in and inhalation of water.

evolution (n): The process of change and development over time.

gadget (n): A small mechanical or electronic device or tool.

grab (v): To take hold of something or someone suddenly and roughly.

host (n & v): (n) A person who receives or entertains guests; (v) to act as a host for an event or party.

hug (v): To hold someone tightly in one's arms, typically to show affection.

navigation (n): The process or activity of accurately finding one's way from one place to another.

slam (v): To shut a door, window, or lid forcefully and loudly.

therefore (adj): For that reason; consequently.

unlock (v): To open something by using a key or combination, or by releasing a lock.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 7 - FOOD AND FESTIVALS - VOCABULARY LIST

baguette (n): A long, narrow loaf of French bread.

bean (n): An edible seed, typically kidney-shaped, growing in long pods on certain plants.

carve (v): To cut a piece of meat into slices or to cut a shape into wood or stone.

chop (v): To cut something into small pieces, especially food.

coriander (n): An herb with a strong, spicy smell, used in cooking. Also called cilantro.

croissant (n): A rich, crescent-shaped roll of buttery pastry.

cuisine (n): A style or method of cooking, especially as characteristic of a particular country or region

cumin (n): An aromatic seed from a plant in the parsley family, used as a spice.

grease (v): To apply oil or fat to a surface to prevent food from sticking.

harvest (n & v): (n) The process or period of gathering in crops; (v) to gather a crop.

heritage (n): The traditions, achievements, beliefs, etc., that are part of the history of a group or nation.

lantern (n): A lamp in a transparent case that can be carried by a handle.

pumpkin (n): A large, round orange gourd with a thick rind, edible flesh, and many seeds.

saffron (n): An expensive, red-orange spice from a type of crocus flower, used to color and flavor food.

scramble (v): To cook eggs by mixing the whites and yolks and stirring them while heating.

tortilla (n): A thin, flat corn or flour pancake, a staple of Mexican cuisine.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 6 - HELPFUL TIPS - VOCABULARY LIST

acne (n): A skin condition that causes spots, especially on the face and neck.

apply (v): To put a substance on a surface.

cinnamon (n): An aromatic spice made from the bark of certain trees, used in cooking and baking.

decay (n): The state or process of rotting or decomposing.

embarrassing (adj): Causing a feeling of shame, discomfort, or awkwardness.

executive (n): A person with senior managerial responsibility in a business organization.

forehead (n): The part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline.

get rid of (phr v): To throw away or remove something.

ginger (n & adj): (n) A hot, spicy root used in cooking; (adj) having a reddish-yellow color.

peppermint (n): A strong-tasting plant used to flavor food, drinks, and medicine.

remedy (n): A treatment or cure for a disease or a problem.

sage (n): An herb with a strong, pleasant smell, used for flavoring food.

scalp (n): The skin on the top of the head where the hair grows.

sensitive (adj): Easily affected or hurt by things.

sprinkle (v): To scatter small drops or particles over an area.

vinegar (n): A sour-tasting liquid that is used as a food seasoning or for cleaning.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 5 - TRAVEL - VOCABULARY LIST

antiquity (n): The ancient past, especially the period before the Middle Ages.

cruise (n): A vacation trip on a ship or boat.

departure (n): The act of leaving a place.

diner (n): A small, informal restaurant, often designed to look like a railroad car.

mud (n): Soft, wet earth.

optional (adj): Available to be chosen but not required; not compulsory.

overnight (n): For the duration of a night.

ruins (n): The remaining parts of a building or city that has been destroyed or has fallen into disrepair.

submarine (n): A ship that can travel both on the surface of the water and underwater.

temple (n): A building used for the worship of a god or gods, especially in religions other than Christianity.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 4 - TRADITIONS - VOCABULARY LIST

accurate (adj): Correct in all details; exact.

appliance (n): A device or machine, especially an electrical one, that is used in the house to do a particular job, such as cleaning or cooking.

compulsory (adj): Required by law or a rule; obligatory.

dispel (v): To make a doubt, feeling, or belief disappear.

foundation (n): An underlying basis or principle for something.

humanist (adj): Relating to a system of thought that places prime importance on human rather than divine or supernatural matters.

slave (n): A person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them.

spirit (n): The nonphysical part of a person

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 3 - LEGENDARY FIGURES - VOCABULARY LIST

battlefield (n): An area of land where a battle is fought.

cannon (n): A large, heavy gun on wheels that was used in the past to fire heavy metal balls.

capture (v): To take someone prisoner or to take control of something by force.

compliment (n): A polite expression of praise or admiration.

dip (v): To put something into a liquid for a short time.

fort (n): A strong building or a place that is protected from attack, often surrounded by a wall and a ditch.

knight (n): In the past, a man of high social rank who was trained as a warrior and served a king or lord.

martyr (n): A person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs.

mighty (adj): Very strong, powerful, or large.

port (n): A town or city with a harbor where ships load and unload goods.

reputation (n): The general opinion that people have about a person or thing.

revenge (v): To harm or punish someone in return for an injury or wrong that they have done to you.

shabby (adj): In poor condition through long use or lack of care.

shell (n): An explosive projectile fired from a large gun or cannon.

sword (n): A weapon with a long metal blade and a handle.

wrestler (n): A person who takes part in the sport of wrestling.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 2 - PLANS - VOCABULARY LIST

charity (n): An organization that gives money, food, or help to people who are poor, sick, or in need.

expense (n): The cost of something; the money spent on something.

hire (v): To pay to use something for a short period of time.

rehearse (v): To practice something, such as a play, concert, or speech, in order to prepare for a public performance.

reunion (n): A meeting of people who have been separated for some time.

ritual (n): A series of actions or a way of behaving that is always performed in the same way, especially as part of a religious ceremony or a tradition.

task (n): A piece of work to be done or undertaken.

tidy up (phr v): To make a place neat by putting things in their proper places.

GRADE 10 - ENGLISH - THEME 1 - SCHOOL LIFE - VOCABULARY LIST

anime (n): A style of Japanese film and television animation, typically aimed at adults as well as children.

archery (n): The sport or skill of shooting with a bow and arrows.

average (adj): A typical or usual amount, degree, or quality; not special or unusual.

calculator (n): A small electronic device used for performing mathematical calculations.

facility (n): A place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.

get on (phr v): To have a harmonious or friendly relationship with someone.

grooming (n): The things that people do to keep themselves clean and tidy, for example brushing their hair, cleaning their teeth, and washing their clothes.

lecture (n): A talk or speech given to an audience on a particular subject, often as part of a university or college course.

refer (v): To mention or allude to something.

split (v): To divide something into two or more parts.

survey (n): An investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc., of a particular group of people, which is usually done by asking them questions.

treat (v): To behave toward or deal with someone or something in a particular way.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 10 - MANNERS - VOCABULARY LIST

apology (n): A statement saying that you are sorry for something bad you have done; an expression of regret.
claim (v): To state or assert that something is true, often without providing evidence.
colleague (n): A person with whom one works in a profession or business.
common (adj): Occurring, found, or done often; frequent or ordinary.
consider (v): To think carefully about something, typically before making a decision.
dispute (v): To argue about (something); to question whether a statement or alleged fact is true or valid.
dissatisfaction (n): The state or attitude of being not pleased or content.
disturbance (n): The interruption of peace or quiet; a disruption.
diversity (n): The state of being composed of different elements or people; variety.
frank (adj): Open, honest, and direct in speech or writing.
fortunately (adv): By good fortune; luckily.
harshly (adv): In a severe, strict, or unkind manner.
impolite (adj): Not having or showing good manners; rude.
manner (n): A way in which a thing is done or happens; or, a person's bearing and behavior.
misconception (n): A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.
prevent (v): To stop something from happening or someone from doing something.
react (v): To act in response to something.
regret (v): To feel sad, repentant, or sorry about something that one has done or failed to do.
respect (n): A feeling of deep admiration for someone or something elicited by their abilities, or qualities.
unfavorable (adj): Not positive or good; expressing disapproval or suggesting a bad outcome.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 9 - TECHNOLOGY - VOCABULARY LIST

advertisement (n): A public notice or announcement, usually paid for, that promotes a product, service, or event.

brand-new (adj): Completely new, often referring to an item that has never been used.

browser (n): A software application used to access and view websites (e.g., Chrome, Firefox).

demolish (v): To completely destroy a building or structure.

drawer (n): A box-like storage compartment that slides in and out of a piece of furniture (e.g., a chest of drawers).

eventually (adv): In the end, especially after a long delay, struggle, or series of events.

faucet (n): A device, usually at the end of a pipe, that controls the flow of water; a tap.

install (v): To place or fix equipment or machinery in position and make it ready for use.

mainboard (n): A large circuit board that contains the principal components of a computer.

motherboard (n): The main printed circuit board found in general-purpose computers and expandable systems.

particularly (adv): Especially, or to a higher degree than is usual.

recycle (v): To convert waste into reusable material.

refurbishment (n): The process of renovating and redecorating something, typically a building.

replacement (n): A person or thing that takes the place of another.

sink (n): A fixed basin, typically connected to a water supply and drainage system, used for washing.

speaker (n): An electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into sound waves.

tile (v): To cover a surface (such as a floor or wall) with flat pieces of ceramic, stone, or glass.

trustworthy (adj): Able to be relied on as honest or truthful.

wander (v): To walk or travel aimlessly or without a definite purpose.

warranty (n): A written guarantee, typically promising to repair or replace an item if necessary.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 8 - ALTERNATIVE ENERGY - VOCABULARY LIST

consumption (n): The act of using up a resource, or the purchase and use of goods and services by the public.

definitely (adv): Without a doubt; certainly.

deforestation (n): The action of clearing a wide area of trees.

disposable (adj): (Of an article) intended to be thrown away after use.

excessive (adj): More than is necessary, normal, or desirable; too much.

finite (adj): Having limits or a fixed size; not infinite.

generate (v): To produce or create something.

infrastructure (n): The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, power supplies).

malfunction (n): A failure to function normally or satisfactorily.

manufacture (v): To make something on a large scale using machinery.

municipality (n): A city or town that has its own local government.

overuse (v): To use something too much or too often.

pollution (n): The presence in or introduction into the environment of a thing that has harmful effects.

renewable (adj): not depleted when used, or capable of being replenished.

resident (n): A person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term basis.

source (n): A place, person, or thing from which something originates or can be obtained.

stable (adj): Not likely to give way or overturn; firmly established.

sustainable (adj): Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level; causing little or no damage to the environment.

urgent (adj): Requiring immediate action or attention.

waste (n): Unwanted or unusable material, substance, or by-product.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 7 - NEWS STORIES - VOCABULARY LIST

aircraft (n): A machine that can fly, such as an airplane, helicopter, or glider.

collide (v): To hit something violently; to crash into each other.

crew (n): A group of people who work together, especially on a ship, aircraft, or train.

declare (v): To announce something formally or officially.

divert (v): To cause someone or something to change course or direction.

estimated (adj): Roughly calculated or judged; not exact.

evacuate (v): To move people from a place of danger to a safer place.

explosion (n): A sudden and violent bursting, often with a loud noise, as a result of rapid expansion of gases.

injured (adj): Harmed, wounded, or damaged physically.

lockdown (n): An emergency measure or state of isolation or restricted access instituted for security purposes.

measure (n): A plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose.

recovery (n): A return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength.

rescue (v): To save someone from a dangerous or unpleasant situation.

sequence (n): A particular order in which related things follow each other.

spread (v): To extend over a large or increasing area.

surround (v): To be all around (someone or something).

survive (v): To remain alive after an event, or to continue to live or exist in spite of danger.

trapped (adj): Unable to escape from a place or situation.

unresponsive (adj): Not reacting to something; not responding to treatment, suggestion, or a stimulus.

vaccine (n): A substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against diseases.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 6 - FAVORS - VOCABULARY LIST

aid (n): Help, typically of a practical nature; assistance.

announcement (n): A public or formal statement about a fact or piece of information.

annual (adj): Occurring once every year.

convenience (n): The state of being able to proceed easily or without difficulty.

crucial (adj): Extremely important; essential.

deadline (n): The latest time or date by which something must be completed.

donate (v): To give money or goods for a good cause, such as a charity.

establish (v): To set up (an organization, system, or set of rules) on a firm or permanent basis.

expectation (n): A strong belief that something will happen or be the case in the future.

foundation (n): An underlying basis or principle; also, an institution supported by an endowment.

gain (n): An increase in wealth, status, or position; a benefit or advantage.

nonprofit (adj): Not making or conducted primarily to make a profit.

opportunity (n): A set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.

orphan (n): A child whose parents are dead.

owe (v): To be obligated to pay or repay (money, services, or thanks) to someone.

promote (v): To support or actively encourage (a cause, venture, etc.); further the progress of.

renovate (v): To restore (something old, especially a building) to a good state of repair.

scholarship (n): A payment made to support a student's education, for academic or other achievement.

upcoming (adj): Coming soon; about to happen.

veteran (n): A person who has had long experience in a particular field, especially in the armed forces.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 5 - PSYCHOLOGY - VOCABULARY LIST

adapt (v): To adjust to new conditions.

amused (adj): Entertained; finding something funny or diverting.

annoyed (adj): Slightly angry; irritated.

anxious (adj): Feeling or showing worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome.

confident (adj): Feeling or showing certainty about something; self-assured.

confused (adj): Unable to think clearly; bewildered.

counselor (n): A person trained to give guidance on personal, social, or psychological problems.

desperate (adj): Feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.

distract (v): To prevent someone from concentrating on something; to divert attention.

grateful (adj): Feeling or showing an appreciation for something or someone; thankful.

homesick (adj): Experiencing a longing for one's home during a period of absence.

intensely (adv): With extreme force, concentration, or feeling.

miserable (adj): Wretchedly unhappy or uncomfortable.

neutral (adj): Not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartial.

peaceful (adj): Free from disturbance; tranquil.

self-esteem (n): Confidence in one's own worth or abilities; self-respect.

suffer (v): To experience or be subjected to something bad or unpleasant.

thoughtful (adj): Showing careful consideration or attention.

uneager (adj): Not keen or enthusiastic; reluctant.

weakness (n): The state or condition of lacking strength or power.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 4 - COMING SOON - VOCABULARY LIST

access (n): The means or opportunity to approach or enter a place, or the ability to make use of something.

account (n): An arrangement with a website that allows to use its services, involving a username and password.

application (n): A program or piece of software designed and written to fulfill a particular purpose of the user.

barely (adv): Only just; almost not.

component (n): A part of a larger whole, especially a part of a machine or vehicle.

cyberbullying (n): The use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages.

data (n): Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.

decrypt (v): To convert encrypted (coded) data back into an understandable form.

encrypt (v): To convert information or data into a code, especially to prevent unauthorized access.

frequently (adv): Often; many times at short intervals.

immerse (v): To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest.

individually (adv): Separately; one by one.

interaction (n): Reciprocal action or influence; communication or direct involvement with someone or something.

malware (n): Software that is specifically designed to damage, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system.

phishing (n): Sending fraudulent emails to reveal personal info, such as passwords and credit card numbers.

proceed (v): To begin or continue a course of action.

ransomware (n): A malicious software designed to block access to a system or data until a sum of money is paid.

scammer (n): A person who makes a dishonest claim or a fraudulent scheme, often for financial gain.

sensory (adj): Relating to sensation or the physical senses.

visual (adj): Relating to seeing or sight.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 3 - HUMAN RIGHTS - VOCABULARY LIST

adequate (adj): Satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity; sufficient.

awareness (n): Knowledge or perception of a situation or fact.

blame (v): To assign responsibility for a fault or wrong.

charity (n): An organization set up to provide help and raise money for those in need.

contribution (n): The part played by a person or thing in bringing about a result or providing something.

declaration (n): A formal or explicit statement or announcement.

deprive (v): To deny a person or place the possession or use of something.

deserve (v): To be worthy of (something, especially a reward or punishment).

disadvantaged (adj): In unfavorable circumstances, especially with regard to financial or social opportunities.

discrimination (n): The unjust or prejudicial treatment of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

distinguished (adj): Successful, authoritative, and commanding great respect.

equality (n): The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities.

fair (adj): Treating people equally without favoritism or discrimination.

independence (n): The fact or state of being self-governing; freedom from the control of others.

innocent (adj): Not guilty of a crime or offense.

justice (n): Fairness in the way people are dealt with; the quality of being morally right or reasonable.

liberty (n): Being free within society from restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, or political views.

prejudiced (adj): Having or showing a dislike or distrust that is not based on reason or actual experience.

violate (v): To break or fail to comply with a rule or agreement; to treat (a person or place) with disrespect.

volunteer (n): A person who works for an organization without being paid.

GRADE 12 - NOTIFIER - THEME 2 - FRIENDSHIP - VOCABULARY LIST

ambitious (adj): Having or showing a strong desire and determination to succeed.

benefit (n): An advantage or profit gained from something.

competitive (adj): Relating to or characterized by competition; having a strong desire to win or be better.

cooperative (adj): Involving mutual assistance in working toward a common goal.

dependable (adj): Trustworthy and reliable.

determined (adj): Having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it.

easygoing (adj): Relaxed and tolerant in attitude; not easily worried, annoyed, or upset.

faithful (adj): Remaining loyal and steadfast; true to one's word or promise.

firm (adj): Solid, stable, or not easily moved; having a strong, unyielding attitude or belief.

hesitate (v): To pause before saying or doing something, especially through uncertainty or reluctance.

humorous (adj): Causing lighthearted amusement and laughter; funny.

impression (n): An idea, feeling, or opinion about someone or something, especially without conscious thought.

loyal (adj): Giving or showing firm and constant support or allegiance to a person or institution.

neat (adj): Arranged in an orderly, tidy way; clean and well-kept.

ordinary (adj): With no special or distinctive features; normal or common.

pretend (v): To behave as if something is true when you know that it is not, especially in a game.

sincere (adj): Acting or saying what one genuinely feels or believes; honest.

soulmate (n): A person ideally suited to another as a close friend or romantic partner.

stubborn (adj): Having or showing dogged determination not to change one's attitude or position on something.

wise (adj): Having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment.